Assessment of epidemiological factors and clinical profiles of cerebral infarction cases in tertiary health center in southern Maharashtra and hence evaluating computed tomography as its diagnostic modality: a prospective study

Background: Cerebrovascular accidents are one of the leading causes of death in developed countries. The advent of CT in early 1970s greatly facilitated the diagnosis and management of stroke. The present study aims at assessing epidemiological factors and clinical presentation of cerebral infarction cases and hence to evaluate computed tomography as a diagnostic tool for cerebral infarction.Methods: A prospective study was carried out among cases of Cerebral infarction. Every patient was interviewed personally, and detailed history was taken followed by clinical, systemic and neurological examination. Results were analysed comparing clinical diagnosis, sites of lesions, nature of lesions and CT scan findings.Results: Cases showed male predominance with 69% cases and 31% were females. 19% cases presented with headache, 17% with convulsions and 9% with vomiting. Upon eliciting past history of cases, we found that 48% were known cases of hypertension, 23% were having past history of cerebrovascular episodes, 20% cases were smokers and tobacco chewers whereas 15% were known cases of diabetes mellitus.Conclusions: Currently India is facing double burden of communicable and non-communicable diseases, and now a day’s cases of non-communicable diseases have started increasing, following iceberg phenomenon. So, diagnosing these conditions in its initial stage and halting the disease progress will be the priority. The present study recommends a comprehensive model for non-communicable disease prevention and control based on current healthcare needs and disease scenario

A Review on ANFIS based Linearization of Non Linear Sensors

Low cost sensors having high sensitivity, better resolution and linear characteristics are required for industrial applications based on instrumentation and control. Unfortunately, the natural non linear characteristic of sensor itself and also the dynamic nature of the environment, aging effect, inherent sensor’s noise and data loss due to transients or intermittent faults affects the sensor characteristics non linearly. As the transfer characteristic of most sensors is nonlinear in nature, obtaining data from such a nonlinear sensor, by using an optimized device, has always been a design challenge. Linearization of nonlinear sensor characteristic in digital environment, is a vital step in the instrument signal conditioning process. This paper gives a brief review about how to overcome this nonlinear characteristic of the sensor using artificial intelligence such as  Hybrid Neuro Fuzzy Logic (HNFL) based on digital linearization technique using VLSI technology such as Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)

A Novel Coronavirus (nCOV- 2019): A Pandemic Severe Respiratory Tract Infections by SARS COV-2 in Human

Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (nCOV 2019) or Coronavirus is one which is associate communicable disease amongst variety of viruses that causes cold, fever, difficulty in breathing and ultimately death. The viruses cause metabolism infections, together with the mundane cold, that square measure usually delicate, although a lot of occasional forms like respiratory illness caused by SARS-CoV-2, the illness is that the reason for the 2019–20 coronavirus irruption. It’s primarily unfolded between individuals by diminutive droplets from infected people once they breathe or cough. Individuals could have few symptoms or develop febrility, cough, and shortness of breath. Whereas Feb 2020, different countries together with European country Asian Countries enclosed within the list. Antiviral drugs being tested embrace antimalarial drug, the ribonucleic acid enzyme substance remdesivir, and triazavirin, Umifenovir (Arbidol) and darunavir were planned. Remdesivir and antimalarial drug effectively inhibit the coronavirus in vitro. Favilavir approved as experimental corona virus drug. The objective of this review article to provide basic knowledge & preliminary opinion and to provide an advice which can be proved as the best mantra for defeating nCOV. Thus this review aims to throw light to the new and exciting areas of Virology,  Replication  cycle of corona virus ,  sign & symptoms and diagnosis, Spreading of corona virus, Structural biology of corona virus, the ways of treatment with  alternative medicines  other than antiviral drugs,  and prevention in its early stage of COVID-19 , and also Current Research on Corona. Keywords: Coronavirus, 2019-nCOV2, 2019–20 coronavirus irruption, SARS, WHO, Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC), replication of corona virus

Cyclopentadienyl System: Solving the Secular Determinant, π Energy, Delocalization Energy, Wave Functions, Electron Density and Charge Density

In this study, characteristics of Hückel strategy, were abused so as to acquire some significant outcomes, through a theoretical technique with which it is conceivable to get secular equations, π energy, wave functions, electron density and charge density, as an account of cyclopentadienyl system i.e. C5H5+ (cation), C5H5- (anion), and C5H5. (radical) and permitting the expression of delocalization energy of conjugated cyclopentadienyl ring framework. Here, it was presented the secular determinant of the Hückel technique and applied to cyclopentadienyl system framework so as to communicate their orbital energies of cyclopentadienyl system, also to communicate its electron and charge density in terms of stable configuration of a system. It is settled by the Hückel strategy and applied by the assumptions for nearby comparability such as coulomb integrals, exchange integrals and overlap integrals. This simple way hypothetical strategy will allow to graduate and post graduate understudies to understanding the investigation of stable configuration, electron and charge density and also other parameters

COVID-19 Era: What’s Impact of the Lockdown on India’s Environment?

Background: The Novel coronavirus (COVID-19), which started in Wuhan (China) during December 2019, has spread to the rest of the world until now (July 2020). COVID-19 infections are more prevalent in developed countries rather than in the fast-developing, and underdeveloped countries. Now novel COVID-19 infection is a global health problem. In a fast-developing country like India, the incidence of coronavirus infections is increasing day by day. The fifth phase of lockdown has started in India to reduce the incidence of infection.Purpose: The purpose of this study of the impact of lockdown on the India’s environment, according to the literature survey from various research papers, news, social networking, government data (websites), etc., indicates that the lockdown helping to reduce transit in India and at the same time has a great impact on reduced pollution such as air pollution, water pollution, land pollution, etc., thus improving the balance of the environment after March 2020 onwards.Methods: In this work, we have used an online method using various online sources, which has mainly surveyed some important cities in India, have also studied the factors such as air pollution, river pollution, land pollution, etc. and its impact on Indian environment.Results: According to an online survey, lockdown has had a significant impact on the Indian environment, reducing the number of vehicles on the road that improving air quality, reducing river pollution, and having a positive impact on various fields. Lockdown has been very beneficial to the environment.Conclusions: The observations from various parts of the sources show that reduced pollution has also reduced the number of patients in hospitals, mainly jaundice (yellow fever), chikungunya, typhoid, respiratory diseases, etc. This review article explains the brief analysis of the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on India’s environment

Effect of Copper Substitution, Calcination Temperature, and Photo-sensitizers on Photocatalytic Activity of Cu0.05 Zn0.95O

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/1A successful series of CuxZn1-xO (variable x = 0.05, 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2) were characterized by thermogravimetric (TG-DTA), Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectroscopy, and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) techniques. The photocatalytic activity of prepared samples was accurately assessed by the photocatalytic decomposition of LASER dye in an aqueous solution under irradiation of solar light and was compared favourably to non-dope commercially available ZnO photo-catalyst. The effect of various parameters like the amount of a catalyst, the calcination temperature on photocatalytic activity is also studied. The direct effect of various photosensitizing salts like NaCl, Na2CO3, and Na2S2O3 on photocatalytic activity of ZnO and Cu0.05Zn0.95O was carefully studied

EMERGING TRENDS IN PATIENT COUNSELLING: CURRENT SCENARIO

Objective: To evaluate the impact of patient counselling in terms of knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) outcomes among retail and hospital pharmacist in Satara and Sanagli district.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on knowledge, attitudes and practices of patient counselling adopted by retail and hospital pharmacists from different areas of Satara and Sangali district. A specially designed questionnaire was used for data collection. Total 190 respondents were analyzed for the study.Results: The highlighting result of the survey based project revealed that almost all retail as well as hospital pharmacists were practicing patient counselling without any charges and there is necessity of separate patient counselling cabinet. Pharmacist was lacking in adopting modern techniques, aids for counselling and 20% only attended patient counselling course (PCC) by Maharashtra State Pharmacy Council (MSPC).Conclusion: KAP study revealed the positive attitude, knowledge and existence of patient counselling practices but not done in an appropriate manner. Step should be taken by authorities, pharmacist and the patient to make counselling more effective.Â

Hydrogen is neuroprotective against surgically induced brain injury

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Neurosurgical operations cause unavoidable damage to healthy brain tissues. Direct surgical injury as well as surgically induced oxidative stress contributes to the subsequent formation of brain edema. Therefore, we tested the neuroprotective effects of hydrogen (H₂) in an established surgical brain injury (SBI) model in rats.</p> <p>Materials and methods</p> <p>Adult male Sprague - Dawley rats (weight 300-350g) were divided into three groups to serve as sham operated, SBI without treatment, and SBI treated with H₂(2.9%). Brain water content, myeloperoxidase (MPO) assay, lipid peroxidation (LPO), and neurological function were measured at 24 hrs after SBI.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>SBI resulted in localized brain edema (p = < 0.001). Hydrogen (2.9%) administered concurrently with surgery significantly decreased the formation of cerebral edema (p = 0.028) and improved neurobehavioral score (p = 0.022). However, hydrogen treatment failed to reduce oxidative stress (LPO assay) or inflammation (MPO assay) in brain tissues.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Hydrogen appears to be promising as an effective, yet inexpensive way to reduce cerebral edema caused by surgical procedures. Hydrogen has the potential to improve clinical outcome, decrease hospital stay, and reduce overall cost to patients and the health care system.</p

Organic Semiconductor for Hydrogen Production

The quest of conquering balanced environment for the ultimate search of “Who am I” furnished to pollution and energy crises. As the viable world development is dependent on effective utilization of available renewable energy resources. Hydrogen fuel as an energy source is the future for many upcoming generations as it never produces pollutants. 6, 13 Pentacenequinone (PENQ) is recently developed and reported organic photocatalyst for the generation of hydrogen from water as well as hydrogen sulfide. PENQ can be synthesized and characterized using different methods and techniques/approaches that are listed in this chapter. Green Solid state synthesis method of PENQ is the most promising one as it gives high yield at room temperature and without solvents. Structural characterization of this novel organic catalyst were done using powdered XRD. Cyclic voltammetry is used for the calculating the difference between valance and conduction band levels in the organic PENQ catalyst. After complete structural and morphological characterization, organic PENQ was explored for the hydrogen production from hydrogen sulfide. This photocatalytic nature was also being confirmed using its composites/ coupled systems (PENQ: TiO2 and PENQ: MoS2) using hydrogen sulfide and water

Polyol-mediated zinc oxide nanoparticles using the refluxing method as an efficient photocatalytic and antimicrobial agent

Nanomaterials have attracted more curiosity recently because of their wide-ranging application in environmental remediation and electronic devices. The current study focuses on zinc oxide nanoparticles’ (ZnO NPs) simple production, characterization, and applications in several fields, including medicinal and photocatalytic degradation of dyes. The non-aqueous-based reflux method is helpful for ZnO NP synthesis; the procedure involves refluxing zinc acetate dihydrate precursor in ethylene glycol for 3 hours in the absence of sodium acetate, in which the refluxing rate and the cooling rate are optimized to get the desired phase, and the unique morphology of polyol-mediated ZnO NPs; it has been achieved using the capping agent TBAB (tetra-butyl ammonium bromide) and precursor zinc acetate dihydrate. UV–Vis, FTIR, XRD, and FESEM structurally characterized polyol-mediated ZnO-NPs. The results show that the material is pure and broadly aggregated into spherical nanoparticles with an average particle size of 18.09 nm. According to XRD analysis, heat annealing made the crystallites more prominent and favored a monocrystalline state. These results and the low cost of making polyol-mediated ZnO NPs demonstrate photocatalytic and antimicrobial properties